*How linguistic communities are defined

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Gumperz and Labov both provide fairly explicit models of how to define a community for linguistic analysis. Labov favors defining the community first on non-linguistic grounds and then etically analyzing the language continua that take place within that community. Taboret-Keller and Lepage look for natural communities. In contrast, Gumperz defines community by speech and considers social differences as a function of speech community membership. These preferences are partly grounded in a reaction to the generativist idealization of the speech community.